Results of serum antibody detection from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Heilongjiang, 2019-2021 / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To detect the antibody levels of hantavirus in serum samples from patients suspected with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Heilongjiang Province from 2019 to 2021, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of disease. Methods　Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to detect the IgM antibodies to hantavirus in serum samples collected from suspected patients with HFRS in the acute-phase, and IgM and IgG antibody in convalescent-phase serum samples. The positive rate of IgM antibody in acute-phase serum samples of patients in different years was analyzed with χ2 test by SPSS 19.0, and the data were sorted out and analyzed about patients' gender, occupation, age, date of onset and interval from onset to initial diagnosis by EpiData 3.1, Excel 2003 software. Results　A total of 351 acute-phase serum samples and 208 convalescent-phase serum samples were detected in patients suspected with HFRS, respectively. There were 317 positive IgM antibodies of serum samples in the acute stage, with the positive rate of 90.31%. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of IgM antibodies in the acute stage between different years (χ2=0.895, P=0.639). T The IgM antibodies and IgG antibodies were positive in 32 (15.39%) and 28 (13.46%) of the convalescent-phase serum samples, respectively. Moreover, 148 patients (71.15%) were double-positive for IgM and IgG antibodies at the convalescent stage. The ratio of male to female patients was 4.56∶1, for which male patients were much more than female patients. Occupation was dominated by farmers (253 cases, 79.81%), followed by workers (19 cases, 5.99%) and the unemployed (17 cases, 5.36%), respectively. The age of patients ranged from 10 to 88 years old, with a median age of 49 years old. Most of the patients were in the age group from 30 years old to 60 years old (209 cases, 65.93%), among which the age group from 40 years old to 50 years old (86 cases, 27.13%) had the highest proportion, and the age group from 60 years old to 90 years old had a proportion of 20.18% (19 cases). May and November were the peak periods of HFRS in Heilongjiang Province. The median interval between onset and initial diagnosis was 4 days. Conclusions　There is a gap of about 10% between the clinical diagnosis of HFRS cases and the confirmed cases detected by laboratory in Heilongjiang Province from 2019 to 2021. The virus-specific detection results are important for confirming the diagnosis of local patients with HFRS.

Effects of different training load and training regimens on athletes / Efeitos de diferentes cargas e regimes de treino em atletas / Efectos de diferentes cargas y regímenes de entrenamiento en atletas

ABSTRACT Introduction: The research of different training has always attracted the attention of people in sports circles all over the world. Training for strength testing is also an important part of athletes' physical training. Objective: To explore the effects of different training loads and training ratios on the cardiorespiratory endurance of track and field athletes. Methods: A total of 50 male students from a university were selected for the experiment, 30 from the university's track and field training team, and 20 ordinary students. Results: When the load is 75W, 125W, or 150W there is a significant difference in R between the first stage and the third stage (p<0.05); when the load of the middle and long distance running team is 25W and 125W, there is a significant difference between the VE of the third stage and the first stage; when the load is 100W, there is a significant difference in R between the first and second stages (P<0.05). Conclusions: In the exercise load test, the cardiorespiratory endurance and energy metabolism characteristics of the different training teams in the third stage were better than those in the first and second stages. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução: Investigações buscando diferentes formas de treinamento sempre atraíram a atenção de pessoas nos círculos esportivos pelo mundo. O treino para testes de força também é uma parte importante do condicionamento físico de atletas. Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos de diferentes cargas e regimes de treino na resistência cardiorrespiratória de praticantes de atletismo. Métodos: Um total de 50 estudantes do sexo masculino de uma universidade foi selecionado para o experimento, sendo 30 da equipe de atletismo da universidade e 20 estudantes regulares. Resultados: Com cargas de 75W, 125W, ou 150W, houve diferença significativa no R entre o primeiro e o terceiro estágios (p<0,05); quando a carga aplicada ao time de corrida de média e longa distância foi de 25W e 125W, houve diferença significativa no VE dos mesmos estágios; quando a carga aplicada foi de 100W, houve diferença significativa no R entre o primeiro e segundo estágios (p<0,05). Conclusões: Nos testes de exercício com carga, a resistência cardiorrespiratória e a energia metabólica das diferentes equipes de treinamento foram melhores no terceiro estágio que no primeiro e segundo estágio. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Investigaciones buscando diferentes formas de entrenamiento siempre atrajeron la atención de las personas en los círculos deportivos por el mundo. El entrenamiento para pruebas de fuerza también es una parte importante de la preparación física de atletas. Objetivo: Explorar los efectos de diferentes cargas y regímenes de entrenamiento en la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria de practicantes de atletismo. Métodos: Fue seleccionado un total de 50 estudiantes del sexo masculino de una universidad para el experimento, siendo 30 del equipo de atletismo de la universidad y 20 estudiantes regulares. Resultados: Con cargas de 75W, 125W o 150W, hubo diferencia significativa en el R entre la primera y la tercera etapa (p<0,05); cuando la carga aplicada al equipo de corrida de media y larga distancia fue de 25W y 125W, hubo diferencia significativa en el VE de las mismas etapas; cuando la carga aplicada fue de 100W, hubo diferencia significativa en el R entre la primera y la segunda etapa (p<0,05). Conclusiones: En las pruebas de ejercicio con carga, la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria y la energía metabólica de los diferentes equipos de entrenamiento fueron mejores en la tercera etapa que en la primera y la segunda. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.

Ancient and modern medication laws of aromatic Chinese medicines in treating angina pectoris based on data mining / 数字中医药（英文）

@#Objective To explore ancient and modern medication laws of aromatic Chinese medicines in treating angina pectoris, and to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment. Methods With “angina pectoris” as the key word, ancient books prescriptions and Chinese patent medicines related to angina pectoris were collected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Traditional Chinese Medicine Database System, Chinese Medicine Prescription Database, New National Proprietary Chinese Medicine (2nd edition), and Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021. Core high-frequency aromatic Chinese medicines were defined, and their potential medication rules were analyzed and summarized. Microsoft Access 2010 was used for data management. Data analysis software, including Excel and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 were used for drug association rule analysis, and Cytoscape 3.7.2 for visual display. Results There were 67 ancient books prescriptions and 258 Chinese patent medicines containing aromatic Chinese medicines treating angina pectoris collected from relevant databases. In ancient books prescriptions, there were nine aromatic Chinese medicines with the frequency ≥10, and the most commonly used medicine was Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), followed by Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium). There were 33 aromatic Chinese medicines with the frequency ≥10 in Chinese patent medicines, and the most commonly used medicine was Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), followed by Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and Sanqi (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma). In ancient books prescriptions, the medicines mainly belonged to intenal-warming medicines, Qi-regulating medicines, and blood circulation promoting and blood stasis removing medicines. There were eight medicine pairs with confidence equal to 100% in ancient books prescriptions, the most frequently used pairs were Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) + Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) + Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium). In Chinese patent medicines, the aromatic Chinese medicine Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) could be combined with many other Chinese medicines, among which the Confidence and Support of Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) + Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) were at a high level. Conclusion Aromatic Chinese medicines for the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease are mainly warm, and the flavors are mainly pungent, sweet, and bitter. They mainly access to the liver, gallbladder, and pericardium meridians. The treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease mainly focuses on warming heart pulse, and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

Risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis and establishment of prediction model of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants, and to establish a scoring model that can predict the development and guide the prevention of NEC.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of preterm infants who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology,Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, from January 2011 to December 2020. These infants were divided into two groups: NEC (298 infants with Bell II stage or above) and non-NEC (300 infants). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the factors influencing the development of NEC. A nomogram for predicting the risk of NEC was established based on the factors. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and the index of concordance (C-index) were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the nomogram.@*RESULTS@#The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that grade ≥2 intracranial hemorrhage, peripherally inserted central catheterization, breast milk fortifier, transfusion of red cell suspension, hematocrit >49.65%, mean corpuscular volume >114.35 fL, and mean platelet volume >10.95 fL were independent risk factors for NEC (P<0.05), while the use of pulmonary surfactant, the use of probiotics, and the platelet distribution width >11.8 fL were protective factors against NEC (P<0.05). The nomogram showed good accuracy in predicting the risk of NEC, with a bootstrap-corrected C-index of 0.844. The nomogram had an optimal cutoff value of 171.02 in predicting the presence or absence of NEC, with a sensitivity of 74.7% and a specificity of 80.5%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The prediction nomogram for the risk of NEC has a certain clinical value in early prediction, targeted prevention, and early intervention of NEC.

Isolation and Identification of Chemical Constituents in Seeds of Sophora tonkinensis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the chemical constituents of the seeds of Sophora tonkinensis. MethodThe chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography with MCI resin， silica gel， Sephadex LH-20， and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties， spectral data as well as relevant references. Meanwhile， the antibacterial activities against Helicobacter pylori of these compounds were screened by agar dilution method. ResultA total of 22 compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the seeds of S. tonkinensis， and characterized as 4′，7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy isoflavone （1）， daidzein （2）， wighteone （3）， dalparvone （4）， 5，7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone （5）， prunetin （6）， formononetin （7）， genistein （8）， 5-methoxydaidzein （9）， ononin （10）， 7，4′-dihydroxyflavone （11）， liquiritigenin （12）， bayin （13）， 2，4-dihydroxybenzoate （14）， methyparaben （15）， 4-hydroxyacetophenone （16）， p-anisaldehyde （17）， methyl indole-3-carboxylate （18）， 4-［β-D-apiofuranoyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy］ phenylacetonitrile （19）， （-）-methyl dihydrophaseate （20）， methyl canavaliol ester （21）， vomifoliol 3′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）-β-D-glucopyranoside （22）. ConclusionCompounds 1， 5， 6， 9 and 16 are isolated from S. tonkinensis for the first time， compounds 4， 14， 17-22 are isolated from the genus of Sophora for the first time. In addition， compounds 10 and 13 display moderate antibacterial activities against H. pylori.

A review of international progress in colorectal cancer screening programs / 上海预防医学

Objective:To summarize the international experience in colorectal cancer population screening programs， so as to provide reference for the development and promotion of similar programs in China. Methods:We used “colorectal cancer population screening program” as key words to search the database of CNKI and Web of Science in this study. Results:A total of 18 reports （including 17 programs） were selected from 187 Chinese and 1 256 English literatures. International colorectal cancer screening programs were organized to target asymptomatic 50-74 years old population for fecal immunochemical test every two years and recommend participants with positive result to take further colonoscopy. These programs reduced the incidence of colorectal cancer and adenoma， which were beneficial to early diagnosis and treatment in colorectal cancer patients. They also showed good cost-effectiveness. Conclusion:Based on the domestic and foreign experiences， we suggest to further improve colorectal cancer screening programs in China， including designing evidence-based and feasible strategies， attaching importance to the implementation and management of the programs， and simultaneously implementing project monitoring and effectiveness evaluation.

Clinical features of vestibular syncope associated with tumarkin attacks in delayed endolymphatic hydrops / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of vestibular syncope (VS) associated with drop attacks (DA) in delayed endolymphatic hydrops (DEH). Methods: DEH cases with complete data were retrospectively analyzed, including three DEH cases with DA and VS (VS group), and six DEH cases without DA or VS (control group). The clinical profile, the results of neurotological examinations [such as pure tone audiometry, electrocochleography (EcochG), caloric test, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP), and video head impulse test (vHIT)] and treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results: (1) In the VS group, there were three cases of ipsilateral DEH; in the control group, there were six cases of ipsilateral type. One case in each group had a history of migraine. (2) The prevalence of abnormal results in caloric test, vHIT, cervical VEMP, and ocular VEMP in the VS group was 3/3, 1/3, 2/2, and 2/2, respectively, and in the control group was 3/6, 0/3, 1/6, and 4/6, respectively. Two cases in each group underwent EcochG, and no identifiable waveform was elicited on the affected side, and-SP/AP ratio of unaffected side was less than 0.4. (3) Patients in both groups were initially treated with conservative medication. Two cases in the VS group subsequently received intratympanic injections of dexamethasone. No DA or VS occurred during a follow-up period lasting over one year. All patients achieved good control of vertigo during the follow-up period. Conclusions: VS may occur in the patients with DEH. The differential diagnosis of syncope in patients with otogenic vertiginous disease can help improve clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and their metabolites in human plasma by UPLC-MS/MS / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective: To develop a ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC- MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin(RT), atorvastatin(AT)and their metabolites, i.e., atorvastatin lactone (ATL), ortho- hydroxy-atorvastatin(O-AT)and para-hydroxy-atorvastatin(P-AT), in human plasma. Methods: Deuterium-labeled compounds, RT-d6, AT-d5 and P-AT-d5 were used as the internal standards(IS). The plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18 column(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)with the mobile phase of 0.2%(v/v)formic acid aqueous solution and methanol by gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.2 ml/min, and the column temperature was 40℃. Analytes were detected on a tandem mass spectrometer, equipped with an electrospray ionization source that was operated in the positive mode. The selectivity, standard curve, precision and accuracy, extraction recoveries, matrix effect, and stability were investigated. Results: The linear range of RT was 0.1-50 ng/ml with r2 =0.9977. The linear range for AT, ATL, O-AT and P-AT was 0.05-50 ng/ml with r2 =0.9997, 0.9988, 0.9923 and 0.9995, respectively. Conclusion: The established method is rapid, sensitive, accurate, specific and reliable, which is suitable for the simultaneous determination of RT, AT and their metabolites in human plasma.

Surgical treatment for tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery / 中华外科杂志

Late tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery can negatively affect long-term prognosis. The surgical timing and strategy of tricuspid valve reoperation will have important impact on the surgical outcomes. However, there is no clear recommendations of the surgical timing for this condition in the current guidelines. Generally, tricuspid valve reoperation should be performed before irreversible right heart failure occurs. Although tricuspid valve repair is the first choice for tricuspid regurgitation, bioprosthetic tricuspid valve replacement might be a reliable alternative when tricuspid leaflets have severe rheumatic damage or right ventricle and tricuspid annulus significantly dilate. Combined minimally invasive surgical techniques, including right minithoracotomy approach, accessing the right atrium directly through the pericardium with limited dissection, peripheral cannulation strategy with the vacuum-assist single venous drainage technique and heart beating technique, can significantly decrease the operative mortality and postoperative bleeding. With development of interventional therapy, transcatheter tricuspid valve repair or replacement may become alternatives for tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery in the future.

Short-term outcomes of minimally invasive reoperation for tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To examine the short-term outcomes of minimally invasive reoperation for severe tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery.@*Methods@#From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 89 patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery received reoperation in Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were included in this study. There were 21 males and 68 females, aging of (56.4±7.9) years (range: 41 to 74 years). The interval between previous left-sided valve surgery and tricuspid reoperation was (14.1±6.1) years (range: 4 to 33 years). A combination of multiple minimally invasive techniques were adopted, including endoscopy-assist right minithoracotomy approach, peripheral cannulation strategy with the vacuum-assist single venous drainage technique, heart beating technique, and temporary percutaneous pacemaker implantation, with a concomitant enhancement in preoperative right cardiac function optimization.@*Results@#All patients received minimally invasive isolated tricuspid valve replacement (n=81) or tricuspid valve repair (n=8). After the application of multiple minimally invasive techniques, the operative mortality rate was only 3.4% (3/89). The causes of death were progressive right heart failure with multiorgan failure (n=1) and low cardiac output associated with postoperative bleeding (n=2). Regarding to the perioperative complications, renal replacement therapy rate was 5.6% (5/89), permanent pacemaker implantation rate was 1.1% (1/89), and the incidence of stroke was 0. Mechanical ventilation time was 24(24) hours, ICU stay time was 2.5 (3.0) days (M(QR)). During the short-term follow-up, there were no case of severe tricuspid regurgitation, 2 cases of moderate regurgitation, 4 cases of mild-to-moderate regurgitation.@*Conclusions@#For severe tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery, the advanced minimally invasive techniques can significantly reduce the operative mortality and morbidity. Minimally invasive bioprosthetic tricuspid valve replacement is a reliable alternative for severe tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery.

Inhibition of proliferation and invasion of renal cancer cells by miR-125a-5p targeting STAT3 and its possible mechanism / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@# Objective: To investigate the effects of miR-125a-5p targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) on proliferation and invasion of renal cancer cells, and to preliminarily analyze the action mechanism. Methods: During the period from March 2017 to February 2018, 48 pairs of cancer tissues and corresponding normal adjacent tissues (more than 3 cm away from the tumor margin) resected from patients underwent renal cancer surgery at the Department of Urology, the Air Force Hospital of the Northern War Zone were collected for this study. Normal renal HK-2 cells and renal cancer cells (A498, GRC-1, 786-O and ACHN) were cultured in vitro. The expression of miR-125a-5p in above mentioned tissues and cells was detected by qPCR. miR-125a-5p-NC, miR-125a-5p-mimics, pLV-STAT3 and pLV-STAT3 with miR-125a-5p mimics were transfected intoA498 cells, namely NC group (negative control group), miR-125a-5p-mimics group, pLV-STAT3 group and pLV-STAT3+mimics group. The normally cultured A498 cells were used as blank control (Ctrl group). qPCR was performed to detect them RNA expressions of miR-125a-5p and STAT3 in cells of all groups. The bioinformatics prediction software and Dual luciferase assay were performed to analyze the targeting relationship between miR-125a-5p and STAT3. CCK-8, Flow cytometry, Transwell chamber assay were performed to detect cell proliferation activity, apoptosisand invasion, respectively. The expressions of STAT3, Bcl-2, BAX, cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (cl-caspase-3), tumor suppressor gene p21, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, VEGF and HIF-1 in the cells were detected by WB. Results: The expression of miR-125a-5p in renal cancer tissues and cells was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues and normal renal cells (all P<0.05). Compared with NC group, expression of miR-125a-5p in A498 cells transfected with miR-125a-5p-mimics was significantly increased, while expression of STAT3 mRNA was significantly decreased (all P<0.05). STAT3 was the target gene of miR-125a5p. Compared with NC group, cell viability, number of invasive cells, expressions of Bcl-2, N-cadherin, VEGF, HIF-1, and STAT3 as well as its phosphorylation level in miR-125a-5p mimics group were significantly decreased (all P<0.05), while cell apoptosis and expressions of BAX, p21, cl-caspase-3 and E-cadherin were significantly increased (all P<0.05); the cell viability, number of invasive cells, expressions of Bcl-2, N-cadherin, VEGF, HIF-1 and STAT3 as well as its phosphorylation level in pLV-STAT3 group were significantly increased (all P<0.05), while cell apoptosis and expressions of BAX, p21, cl-caspase-3 and E-cadherin were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). Compared with pLV-STAT3 group, cell viability, number of invasive cells, expressions of Bcl-2, N-cadherin, VEGF, HIF-1, and STAT3 as well asits phosphorylation level were significantly decreased in pLV-STAT3 mimics group (all P<0.05), while cell apoptosis, expressions of BAX, p21, cl-caspase-3 and E-cadherin were significantly increased (all P<0.05). Conclusion: miR125a-5p shows low expression in renal cancer tissues and cells, which can inhibit proliferation and invasion of A498 cells and promote cell apoptosis by down-regulating its target gene STAT3.

Association of the C47T polymorphism in superoxide dismutase gene 2 with noise-induced hearing loss: a meta-analysis / Associação do polimorfismo C47T no gene da superóxido dismutase 2 com perda auditiva induzida pelo ruído: metanálise

Abstract Introduction Currently, there is limited information about the relationship between manganese superoxide dismutase (sod2) c47t polymorphism and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Objective The aim of this meta-analysis was to clarify the association between SOD2 C47T polymorphism and NIHL. Methods A search in PubMed and Web of Science was performed to collect data. All full-text, English-written studies containing sufficient and complete case-and-control data about the relationship between SOD2 C47T polymorphism and NIHL were included. Three eligible studies, comprising 1094 subjects, were identified. pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the association between SOD2 C47T polymorphism and NIHL. Results No significant association between C47T polymorphism and risk of NIHL was found with the following combinations: T vs. C (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.63–1.09); TT vs. CC (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.22–1.09); CT vs. CC (OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.25–1.17); TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.50–1.32); CC vs. TT + TC (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.23–1.04). However, in subgroup analysis, a significant association was found for TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.42–1.41) in the Chinese population. Conclusion The present meta-analysis suggests that SOD2 C47T polymorphism is significantly associated with increased risk of NIHL in the Chinese population. Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this association.

Resumo Introdução Atualmente, são limitadas as informações acerca da relação entre o polimorfismo C47T de superóxido dismutase 2 (SOD2) dependente de manganês e suscetibilidade à perda auditiva induzida pelo ruído (PAIR). Objetivo O objetivo desta metanálise foi esclarecer a associação entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e PAIR. Método Foram feitas buscas no PubMed e Web of Science para coleta de dados. Foram incluídos todos os estudos no idioma inglês, com dados suficientes e completos de casos e controles sobre a relação entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e PAIR. Foram identificados três estudos qualificados, que abrangeram 1.094 indivíduos. Foram calculadas as razões das chances (odds ratio, OR) acumuladas e intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95% para que fosse avaliada a potência da associação entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e PAIR. Resultados Não foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e risco de PAIR com as seguintes combinações: T vs. C (OR = 0,83, IC 95% = 0,63-1,09); TT vs. CC (OR = 0,49, IC 95% = 0,22-1,09); CT vs. CC (OR = 0,54, IC 95% = 0,25-1,17); TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0,82, IC 95% = 0,50-1,32); CC vs. TT + TC (OR = 0,49, IC 95% = 0,23-1,04). Contudo, na análise de subgrupo, foi encontrada uma associação significativa para TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0,77, 95% CI = 0,42-1.41) na população chinesa. Conclusão A presente metanálise sugere que o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 demonstra associação significativa com maior risco de PAIR na população chinesa. Há necessidade de novos estudos de grande porte bem concebidos, para confirmação dessa associação.

Sensitive Detection of Telomerase Based on Hybridization Chain Reaction-assisted Multiple Signal Amplification / 分析化学

A new electrochemical method for telomerase activity assay was developed on the basis of hybridization chain reaction ( HCR)-assisted multiple signal amplification, aiming at improving the sensitivity and specificity of telomerase assay. The experiments utilized HeLa cells as original source of the telomerase in the electrochemical studies. The telomerase primer was firstly self-assembled on the surface of gold electrode. The telomerase catalyzed the elongation of the primer, producing the complementary sequences of hairpin probe H1. In this case, HCR was then initiated by interacting with two hairpin probes H1 and H2. Because both H1 and H2 were modified by biotin, horseradish peroxidase could be captured on the electrode surface through the high-affinity interaction between biotin and streptavidin, catalyzing the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine to produce 2,3-diaminophenazine. Therefore, the telomerase assay was realized by tracing the electrochemical signals with differential pulse voltammetry. This electrochemical method was of high efficiency and feasibility for detecting telomerase activity, and could trace the telomerase activity down to 10 cells/mL HeLa cells with a wide linear range. Besides, it could also easily distinguish the target enzyme from the control proteins with high specificity.

Expression of RSK4, CD44 and MMP-9 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathologic features / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the expression of RSK4 (ribosomal S6 protein kinase 4),CD44 and MMP-9 protein in primary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC),and to explore the level of expression as well as the association with clinicopathologic features and clinical outcome.Methods The expression of RSK4,CD44 and MMP-9 in 52 pRCC and 48 mRCC samples was detected by immunohistochemistry and its relationship with clinicopathologic features as well as prognosis was analyzed by statistical methods.Results In the 48 mRCC samples,there were 36 (75％,36/48),33(68.75％,33/48) and 44 (91.7％,44/48) positive for RSK4,CD44 and MMP-9,respectively,while the positive rate in 52 pRCC samples were 23 (44.2％,23/52),18 (34.6％,18/52) and 36 (69.2％,36/52),respectively.Statistical analysis showed that the expression of RSK4,CD44 and MMP-9 in mRCC samples was higher than the pRCC samples (PRsK4 =0.002,PMMP-9 =0.002,PcD44 =0.001).Furthermore,the expression of RSK4,CD44 and MMP-9 in mRCC samples was not correlated with ages,genders,Fuhrman grading and the metastatic sites (P ＞ 0.05).Further analysis showed that there was positive correlation among the three proteins (P =0.008),particularly,the expression of RSK4 and CD44 (P =0.019),MMP-9 and CD44 (P =0.05) were positively correlated,while the expression of RSK4 and MMP-9 (P =1.00) had no significance of correlation.Conclusion The expression of RSK4,CD44 and MMP-9 in mRCC samples is significantly higher than pRCC samples,suggesting that the three may mediate the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma,and its specific mechanism of action remains to be further studied.

A case-control study on risk factors of vibrio parahaemolyticus sporadic infection / 预防医学

Objective To understand the risk factors of vibrio parahaemolyticus sporadic infection in Jiaxing, and to provide evidence to prevent and control foodborne diseases. Methods Case-control study was used and the food borne disease surveillance system was retrieved from 2013 to 2016. Based on the diagnostic criteria for infectious diarrhea (WS 271—2007) , laboratory confirmed vibrio parahaemolyticus sporadic cases in Jiaxing City were enrolled into the case group. According to the ratio of 1 :1, the healthy population matched by identical community, gender and age was enrolled into control group. Questionnaire survey was used to collect the general information and risk factors of participants. The risk factors were analyzed by conditional multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 211 vibrio parahaemolyticus sporadic cases and 211 healthy persons were investigated. There were no statistically significant difference about educational level, and the occupational distribution between case group and control group (P>0.05) . The onset time of 79.62% cases was primarily from July to October, and the clinical symptoms were mainly diarrhea (100.00%), abdominal pain (86.73%), nausea (56.40%), and vomit (51.66%) . Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that eating out 5 days prior to onset (OR=2.11, 95%CI: 1.15-3.86), eating marine fish (OR=2.72, 95%CI:1.01-7.37) and marine shrimps (OR=4.42, 95%CI: 1.22-15.97) were the independent risk factors. Conclusion The major risk factors of vibrio parahaemolyticus sporadic infection of residents in Jiaxing were eating out 5 days prior to onset, eating marine fish and eating marine shrimps. Food safety supervision and resident awareness of food safety should be strengthened to lower the incidence risk of foodborne diseases such as vibrio parahaemolyticus infection.

Effects of combined antiplatelet treatment on cerebral hemodynamics and platelet parameters in progressive stroke patients / 医学研究生学报

Objective The double antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is widely used in the progressive stroke patients.However, this therapeutic regimen is still lack of guideline confirmation .In this study, we aimed to observe the effects of cere-bral hemodynamics and platelet parameters of combined antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel on progressive stroke patients . Methods This retrospective study enrolled 82 patients with progres-sive stroke within 24 hours in the Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to January 2016.All the patients were divided into two groups ( single antiplatelet group and combined antiplatelet group ) according to the antiplatelet therapy .Forty patients were included in the single antiplatelet group oral-ly took aspirin 0.1g once a day while in the combined antiplatelet group forty-two patients were included to take clopidogrel 75 mg once a day besides aspirin for 21 days and then kept aspirin only .All the patients were observed for 3 months.On the 1st and 7th day of ad-mission and 3 months after admission , the patients were examined for the terms of the grades of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Barthel Index (BI), as well as the platelet parameters including plaletet count (PLT), thrombocytocrit (PCT), mean platelet volume ( MPV) and platelet distribution width ( PDW) .The thrombelastogram was done to test the plate inhibition rate . Meanwhile , the transcranial doppler examination was done to realize the cerebral hemodynamics . Results After 7 days'and 3 months'treatment, the grades of NIHSS of combined antiplatelet group were significantly decreased versus single antiplatelet group , while BI of the combined antiplatelet group was significantly increased ( P<0.05 ) .The inhibition rate induced through adenosine diphosphate pathway was higher in the combined antiplatelet group versus the single antiplatelet group (P=0.003) on the 7th day.PLT ( P=0.006) level in the combined antiplatelet group was higher than that in the single antiplatelet group , while MPV ( P=0.023) and PDW (P=0.017) were actually lower in the combined antiplatelet group than the single antiplatelet group after 7 days'treatment.After 3 months, PDW in the combined antiplatelet group was still lower than the single antiplatelet group (P=0.041).On the 7th day, Vs (P=0.046), Vm (P=0.039) in bilateral middle cerebral artery in the combined antiplatelet group were lower than the single anti -platelet group.After 3 months, the Vs (P=0.030), PI (P=0.041) in the combined antiplatelet group was further improved versus the single antiplatelet group . Conclusion The improved effects of combined antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel on the clinical symptoms, cerebral hemodynamics and platelet parameters were better than single antiplatelet treatment with aspirin .

Effects of combined antiplatelet treatment on cerebral hemodynamics and platelet parameters in progressive stroke patients / 医学研究生学报

Objective The double antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is widely used in the progressive stroke patients.However, this therapeutic regimen is still lack of guideline confirmation .In this study, we aimed to observe the effects of cere-bral hemodynamics and platelet parameters of combined antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel on progressive stroke patients . Methods This retrospective study enrolled 82 patients with progres-sive stroke within 24 hours in the Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to January 2016.All the patients were divided into two groups ( single antiplatelet group and combined antiplatelet group ) according to the antiplatelet therapy .Forty patients were included in the single antiplatelet group oral-ly took aspirin 0.1g once a day while in the combined antiplatelet group forty-two patients were included to take clopidogrel 75 mg once a day besides aspirin for 21 days and then kept aspirin only .All the patients were observed for 3 months.On the 1st and 7th day of ad-mission and 3 months after admission , the patients were examined for the terms of the grades of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Barthel Index (BI), as well as the platelet parameters including plaletet count (PLT), thrombocytocrit (PCT), mean platelet volume ( MPV) and platelet distribution width ( PDW) .The thrombelastogram was done to test the plate inhibition rate . Meanwhile , the transcranial doppler examination was done to realize the cerebral hemodynamics . Results After 7 days'and 3 months'treatment, the grades of NIHSS of combined antiplatelet group were significantly decreased versus single antiplatelet group , while BI of the combined antiplatelet group was significantly increased ( P<0.05 ) .The inhibition rate induced through adenosine diphosphate pathway was higher in the combined antiplatelet group versus the single antiplatelet group (P=0.003) on the 7th day.PLT ( P=0.006) level in the combined antiplatelet group was higher than that in the single antiplatelet group , while MPV ( P=0.023) and PDW (P=0.017) were actually lower in the combined antiplatelet group than the single antiplatelet group after 7 days'treatment.After 3 months, PDW in the combined antiplatelet group was still lower than the single antiplatelet group (P=0.041).On the 7th day, Vs (P=0.046), Vm (P=0.039) in bilateral middle cerebral artery in the combined antiplatelet group were lower than the single anti -platelet group.After 3 months, the Vs (P=0.030), PI (P=0.041) in the combined antiplatelet group was further improved versus the single antiplatelet group . Conclusion The improved effects of combined antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel on the clinical symptoms, cerebral hemodynamics and platelet parameters were better than single antiplatelet treatment with aspirin .

Assessment of Balance and Vestibular Functions in Patients with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study investigated the relationship among the severity of hearing impairment,vestibular function and balance function in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).A total of 35 ISSNHL patients (including 21 patients with vertigo) were enrolled.All of the patients underwent audiometry,sensory organization test (SOT),caloric test,cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) test and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) test.Significant relationship was found between vertigo and hearing loss grade (P=0.009),and between SOT VEST grade and hearing loss grade (P=0.001).The abnormal rate of oVEMP test was the highest,followed by the abnormal rates of caloric and cVEMP tests,not only in patients with vertigo but also in those without vertigo.The vestibular end organs were more susceptible to damage in patients with vertigo (compared with patients without vertigo).Significant relationship was found between presence of vertigo and SOT VEST grade (P=0.010).We demonstrated that vestibular end organs may be impaired not only in patients with vertigo but also in patients without vertigo.The cochlear and vestibular impairment could be more serious in patients with vertigo than in those without vertigo.Vertigo does not necessarily bear a causal relationship with the impairment of the vestibular end organs.SOT VEST grade could be used to reflect the presence of vertigo state in the ISSNHL patients.Apart from audiometry,the function of peripheral vestibular end organs and balance function should be evaluated to comprehensively understand ISSNHL.Better assessment of the condition will help us in clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation of ISSNHL.

An investigation on disease burden of Vibrio parahaemolyticus diarrhea in Jiaxing City / 预防医学

Objective To learn the epidemiological characteristics and the disease burden of Vibrio parahaemolyticus diarrhea,and to provide the evidence for developing the scientific food -borne diseases prevention and control strategies. Methods Seven counties in Jiaxing City,and one general hospital from each was selected to be investigated.Feces or anal swabs of clinical diarrhea cases during the research period were collected to test Vibrio Parahaemolyticus,and the information about direct or indirect medical expense and other indirect expense were collected from the positive cases by household survey.Results 2 711 diarrhea cases were reported in 2014,and 71 cases were Vibrio parahaemolyticus positive,the infection rate was 2.62%.The number of cases peaked during July to October,and 33.80% were farmers. The majority of serum type were O3:K6 and O4:K8,taken up 70.42%.The disease burden of every case was 927.76 Yuan per time.The speculated annual total population economic burden of Vibrio parahaemolyticus diarrhea in Jiaxing was 15 963.8 thousand Yuan .The disease burder of rural cases was heavier than that of urban ones (P <0.05).The disease burden of females was heavier than males (P <0.05 ).The difference of disease burden among age groups were not statistically significant(P >0.05).Conclusion The disease burden of Vibrio parahaemolyticus diarrhea was heavy.The supervision of catering units and the advertisement of food hygiene information should be strengthened to lower the incidence level and disease burden.

Community colorectal cancer screening program in Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Shanghai public health service-community colorectal cancer screening program, was officially launched in November 2012 , so as to carry out colorectal cancer prevention and health education through free screening services in the whole city.The establishment of the program was based on the comprehensive analysis of disease burden caused by colorectal cancer in Shanghai, with three years of pilot study in Qibao Community.In the first round of screening, one million people participated and 1 960 colorectal cancer cases were detected, with the proportion of the earlier stage cancer being 52.8%, which was 4.36 times the level in Shanghai before screening.At the same time, 7 911 cases of precancerous lesion were detected.The objective of program was achieved, with precious experience obtained in implementation of similar disease screening programs.